· History · 3 min read
The Ultimate Guide to Morocco's Imperial Cities: History and Highlights
Journey through the heart of Moroccan history by exploring its four Imperial Cities: Fes, Meknes, Marrakech, and Rabat. Discover the highlights of each majestic capital.
Morocco’s four Imperial Cities are the historic heart of the nation. At different points in history, each of these cities-Fes, Meknes, Marrakech, and Rabat-served as the capital of Morocco, and each was shaped by the dynasty that ruled from it. Exploring them is like taking a journey through the country’s rich and powerful past.
Fes: The Spiritual Capital
Fes is the oldest of the Imperial Cities and is often considered Morocco’s cultural and spiritual center. Founded in the 9th century, its medina, Fes el-Bali, is a UNESCO World Heritage site and a breathtaking labyrinth of history.
- Must-See Highlights:
- Al-Quaraouiyine University: The oldest continuously operating university in the world.
- Chouara Tannery: Watch the ancient process of dyeing leather from a terrace viewpoint.
- Bou Inania Madrasa: A stunning example of Marinid architecture.
Meknes: The Ambitious Capital
Meknes became an Imperial City in the 17th century under the rule of the powerful Sultan Moulay Ismail. He had grand ambitions to create a capital that would rival those of Europe. Though smaller and more laid-back than Fes or Marrakech, Meknes has a grand and impressive feel.
- Must-See Highlights:
- Bab Mansour: An enormous and beautifully decorated gate that is the grand entrance to the imperial city.
- Heri es-Souani: The Sultan’s massive royal stables and granaries, an impressive feat of engineering.
- Mausoleum of Moulay Ismail: The tomb of the city’s visionary founder.
Marrakech: The Ochre City
Founded in the 11th century, Marrakech has been a capital multiple times and remains a vibrant hub of trade and culture. Known as the “Ochre City” for its pink-hued buildings, it is a feast for the senses.
- Must-See Highlights:
- Jemaa el-Fnaa: The legendary square, a stage for street performers and a massive food market.
- Koutoubia Mosque: The city’s most famous landmark, with a beautiful minaret.
- Saadian Tombs & Bahia Palace: Incredible examples of lavish Moroccan art and architecture.
Rabat: The Modern Capital
Rabat is the current capital of Morocco. It’s a more relaxed and orderly city compared to the others, with a clean city center and a beautiful coastal setting. It blends its rich history with its role as a modern political center.
- Must-See Highlights:
- Kasbah of the Udayas: A picturesque fortress at the mouth of the river, with charming blue-and-white streets.
- Hassan Tower: The impressive, unfinished minaret of a mosque that was intended to be the world’s largest.
- Mausoleum of Mohammed V: The stunning modern tomb of the grandfather of the current king.
A tour of the four Imperial Cities offers a deep dive into the history, architecture, and culture that have shaped Morocco into the fascinating country it is today.